2011年考研英語(yǔ)備考作文背誦三

American Revolution

The American Revolution was not a revolution in the sense of a radical or total change. It was not a sudden and violent overturning of the political and social framework, such as later occurred in France and Russia, when both were already independent nations.

Significant changes were ushered in, but they were not breathtaking. What happened was accelerated evolution rather than outright revolution. During the conflict itself people went onworking and praying, marrying and playing. Most of them were not seriously disturbed by the actual fighting, and many of the more isolated communities scarcely knew that a war was on. America‘s War of Independence heralded the birth of three modern nations. One was Canada, which received its first large influx of English-speaking population from the thousands of loyalists who fled there from the United States. Another was Australia, which became a penal colony now that America was no longer available for prisoners and debtors. The third newcomer(the United States)based itself squarely on republican principles.
　　
Yet even the political overturn was not so revolutionary as one might suppose. In some states, notably Connecticut and Rhode Island, the war largely ratified a colonial self-rule already existing. British officials, everywhere ousted, were replaced by a home-grown governing class, which promptly sought a local substitute for king and Parliament.

全文翻譯：
 　
美國(guó)革命 美國(guó)革命其實(shí)并不算是一場(chǎng)革命，因?yàn)樗�并未�?dǎo)致完全的和徹底的變化。 這次革命并不是對(duì)政治和社會(huì)框架的一次突然和猛烈的顛覆，象后來(lái)在已經(jīng)是獨(dú)立國(guó)家的法國(guó) 和俄國(guó)所爆發(fā)的革命那樣。
　　
革命帶來(lái)了重大的變化，但并非翻天覆地，所發(fā)生的只是進(jìn)化 的加速，而不是一場(chǎng)徹底的革命；在沖突期間，人們?nèi)匀簧习�、做禮拜、結(jié)婚、玩耍。多數(shù)人并沒(méi)有受到實(shí)際戰(zhàn)斗的嚴(yán)重影響。許多較閉塞的社區(qū)對(duì)這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)幾乎一無(wú)所知。美國(guó) 獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)宣布了三個(gè)現(xiàn)代國(guó)家的誕生，其中一個(gè)是加拿大。
　　
加拿大的第一大批講英語(yǔ)的流 入人口來(lái)自于成千上萬(wàn)英王的效忠者， 這些人從美國(guó)逃到了加拿大。 另一個(gè)國(guó)家是澳大利亞，因?yàn)槊绹?guó)不再是容納罪犯和欠債者的國(guó)度了，澳大利亞就變成了一個(gè)懲治罪犯的殖民地(注：獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)前，英國(guó)政府將罪犯流放到美國(guó))。 第三個(gè)國(guó)家就是美國(guó)，它完全建立在共和原則基礎(chǔ)上。即使政治上的顛覆也不如人們可能想象的那樣具有革命性。 在一些州，特別是康涅狄格和羅德島，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)基本上只是承認(rèn)了已經(jīng)存在的殖民地的自治。
　　
四處被驅(qū)逐的英國(guó)官員都被本土的統(tǒng)治階級(jí)所替代，這個(gè)統(tǒng)治階級(jí)迅速地以地方權(quán)力機(jī)關(guān)來(lái)替代國(guó)王和議會(huì)。