2017翻譯碩士：中華思想文化術(shù)語(yǔ)翻譯選讀——道法自然

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道法自然(dào fǎ zìrán)

“道”效法、順應(yīng)萬(wàn)物的自然狀態(tài)。這一命題出自《老子》。“自然”指事物自主、自在的狀態(tài)。“道”創(chuàng)造、生養(yǎng)萬(wàn)物，但“道”不會(huì)對(duì)萬(wàn)物發(fā)號(hào)施令，而是效法、順應(yīng)萬(wàn)物之“自然”。“道”與萬(wàn)物的關(guān)系，在政治哲學(xué)中表現(xiàn)為統(tǒng)治者與百姓的關(guān)系。統(tǒng)治者應(yīng)遵循“道”的要求，節(jié)制自己的權(quán)力，以無(wú)為的方式效法、順應(yīng)百姓的自然狀態(tài)。

Dao Operates Naturally.

Dao operates in accordance with natural conditions of all things. This idea first appeared in the bookLaozi, according to which “natural” means the natural state of things. Dao creates and nurtures everything, yet it does not command anything. In political philosophy, the relationship between Dao and natural things implies that between the ruler and the people. The rulers should follow the natural requirements of Dao, which places limits on their power, and govern by means of non-interference to allow the people and affairs to take their own natural course.

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【引例】

人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。(《老子•二十五章》)

Man patterns himself on the operation of the earth; the earth patterns itself on the operation of heaven; heaven patterns itself on the operation of Dao; Dao patterns itself on what is natural. (Laozi)